Soft tissue tumor surgery includes surgical treatment of benign and malignant tumors, tumor removal, limb-sparing surgery, and follow-up procedures.
Bone tumor surgery is a field of orthopedic oncology that encompasses the surgical treatment of benign or malignant tumors developing in bone tissue. The scope of surgical treatment is determined by the type of tumor, its location, size, its relationship with surrounding tissues, and the patient's clinical characteristics.
Bone tumors can develop especially in the arms, legs, pelvis, and other skeletal regions. While regular follow-up is sufficient for some benign bone tumors, surgical treatment may be considered for lesions that cause pain, bone weakness, or loss of function.
In malignant bone tumors, surgical treatment aims to remove the tumor with appropriate oncological margins and to preserve bone integrity and limb function as much as possible.
Pre-surgical Evaluation
Before bone tumor surgery, the patient's complaints, physical examination findings, and radiological examinations are evaluated together.
Imaging methods such as X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) can be used to determine the location, boundaries, and relationship of the tumor with surrounding bone, joint, nerve, and vascular structures.
In necessary cases, biopsy and pathological examination are performed to determine the type of tumor. Especially in cases of suspected malignant tumors, it is important to plan the biopsy in a way that will not negatively affect the subsequent surgical procedure.
The decision for surgical treatment is evaluated in accordance with the biological characteristics of the tumor and the patient's general health status.
Surgical Treatment Methods
The surgical method used in bone tumor surgery varies depending on whether the tumor is benign or malignant and its spread within the bone tissue.
Curettage: This can be applied in some benign and selected low-grade bone tumors to remove tumor tissue from within the bone.
Tumor Resection: This is the process of removing the tumor with appropriate surgical margins. It plays a particularly important role in the treatment of malignant bone tumors.
Limb-Sparing Surgery: This is a surgical approach aimed at removing tumors developing in the arm or leg while preserving the limb in suitable patients.
Bone Reconstruction: Bone grafts, bone cement, special prostheses, or different reconstruction methods can be used to compensate for the bone loss that occurs after the tumor is removed.
In some malignant bone tumors, oncological treatments such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy may also be required in addition to surgical treatment. Different surgical options are evaluated in cases where limb-sparing surgery is not suitable.
Postoperative Follow-up
The recovery and follow-up process after bone tumor surgery is planned according to the scope of the surgery performed and the characteristics of the tumor.
In the postoperative period, bone integrity, healing of the surgical area, and the patient's movement functions are evaluated. Physical therapy and rehabilitation programs may be used when necessary.
Regular clinical and radiological check-ups are important, especially in bone tumors with a risk of recurrence.
The treatment and follow-up process can be planned in collaboration with relevant specialties such as orthopedics and traumatology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, radiology, and pathology.